---
title: So those boys went to the river, and Sikulume said to them: “I will… — Kaffir folk-lore · tree and pragmatics
description: So those boys went to the river, and Sikulume said to them: “I will go into the water, and take an assagai with me. Who acts: boys, Sikulume. A sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kaffir folk-lore, The Story of Sikulume., sentence 90

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So those boys went to the river, and Sikulume said to them: “I will go into the water, and take an assagai with me.

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**Who acts:** boys, Sikulume · **What happens:** go, say, take · **To what, where:** river, boys, water, assagai · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, The Story of Sikulume.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boys, Sikulume), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg71335:9:90
# text = So those boys went to the river, and Sikulume said to them: “I will go into the water, and take an assagai with me.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	Sikulume	Sikulume	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
19	into	into	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
25	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	assagai	assagai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | that boys |  |  | the river |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Sikulume |  | boys *= boy* |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **go** *in a quote* | future | Sikulume |  |  | the water |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into water=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive | Sikulume *not said here* | a assagai |  |  |  | with Sikulume | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assagai=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kaffir folk-lore» by George McCall Theal, Project Gutenberg book 71335 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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