---
title: One day, as he paced sadly to and fro, he thought he heard a voice h… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: One day, as he paced sadly to and fro, he thought he heard a voice he knew calling to him, and sure enough there was the faithful Philomel, Potentilla’s favourite, who told him all that had passed, and how the sleeping Princess had been carried off by the Lion to the great grief of all her four-foot
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla, sentence 157

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One day, as he paced sadly to and fro, he thought he heard a voice he knew calling to him, and sure enough there was the faithful Philomel, Potentilla’s favourite, who told him all that had passed, and how the sleeping Princess had been carried off by the Lion to the great grief of all her four-footed and feathered subjects, and how, not knowing what to do, he had wandered about until he heard the swallows telling one another of the Prince who was in their airy castle and had come to see if it could be Narcissus.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Narcissus, faithful Philomel, favourite, that, Lion, swallows · **What happens:** pace, fro, think, hear, know, call · **To what, where:** One day, voice, Narcissus, great grief, swallows, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Narcissus, faithful Philomel, favourite, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:11:157
# text = One day, as he paced sadly to and fro, he thought he heard a voice he knew calling to him, and sure enough there was the faithful Philomel, Potentilla’s favourite, who told him all that had passed, and how the sleeping Princess had been carried off by the Lion to the great grief of all her four-footed and feathered subjects, and how, not knowing what to do, he had wandered about until he heard the swallows telling one another of the Prince who was in their airy castle and had come to see if it could be Narcissus.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	paced	pace	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	sadly	sadly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	fro	fro	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
20	calling	call	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	xcomp	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
26	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
28	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	ccomp	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	Philomel	Philomel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	Potentilla	Potentilla	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	’s	's	PART	POS	_	33	case	_	_
35	favourite	favourite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj	_	_
38	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	acl:relcl	_	_
39	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	iobj	_	_
40	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	43	det:predet	_	_
41	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	43	nsubj	_	_
42	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	38	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
46	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	52	advmod	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
48	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	52	nsubj:pass	_	_
49	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	nsubj:pass	_	_
50	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	aux	_	_
51	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	52	aux:pass	_	_
52	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	parataxis	_	_
53	off	off	ADP	RP	_	52	compound:prt	_	_
54	by	by	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	Lion	Lion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
57	to	to	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
59	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	60	amod	_	_
60	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
61	of	of	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
62	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	69	det:predet	_	_
63	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	69	nmod:poss	_	_
64	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	66	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
65	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	64	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	footed	footed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	69	amod	_	_
67	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	68	cc	_	_
68	feathered	feathered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	66	conj	_	_
69	subjects	subject	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	60	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
71	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	75	cc	_	_
72	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	75	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
73	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
74	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	75	advmod	_	_
75	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	52	advcl	_	_
76	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	78	obj	_	_
77	to	to	PART	TO	_	78	mark	_	_
78	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	75	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
79	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	82	punct	_	_
80	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	82	nsubj	_	_
81	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	82	aux	_	_
82	wandered	wander	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	52	conj	_	_
83	about	about	ADV	RB	_	82	advmod	_	_
84	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	86	mark	_	_
85	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	86	nsubj	_	_
86	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	82	advcl	_	_
87	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	88	det	_	_
88	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	86	obj	_	_
89	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	86	xcomp	_	_
90	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	89	obj	_	_
91	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	100	det	_	_
92	of	of	ADP	IN	_	94	case	_	_
93	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	94	det	_	_
94	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	100	obl	_	_
95	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	100	nsubj	_	_
96	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	100	cop	_	_
97	in	in	ADP	IN	_	100	case	_	_
98	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	100	nmod:poss	_	_
99	airy	airy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	100	amod	_	_
100	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	89	obj	_	_
101	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	103	cc	_	_
102	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	103	aux	_	_
103	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	86	conj	_	_
104	to	to	PART	TO	_	105	mark	_	_
105	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	103	xcomp	_	_
106	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	110	mark	_	_
107	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	110	nsubj	_	_
108	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	110	aux	_	_
109	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	110	cop	_	_
110	Narcissus	Narcissus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	105	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
111	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pace** | past | Narcissus | One day *not said here* |  |  |  | sadly *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location day=Theme |
| 2 | **fro** | infinitive | Narcissus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Narcissus |  |  |  | day |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **hear** | past | Narcissus | a voice |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
| 5 | **know** | past | Narcissus | a voice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **call** | gerund | Narcissus *not said here* |  | Narcissus |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
| 7 | **be** | past | the faithful Philomel |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Potentilla's favourite |  | Narcissus |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 9 | **pass** | past · perfect | that |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **sleep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **carry off** | past · perfect · passive | the Lion |  |  | the great grief of Princess's footed subjects |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to grief=Destination |
| 12 | **not** **know** | gerund | the Lion *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 13 | **do** | to-infinitive | the Lion *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 14 | **wander** | past · perfect | Narcissus |  |  |  |  | about *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 15 | **hear** | past | Narcissus | the swallows |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 16 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | the swallows *not said here* | one |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Recipient |
| 17 | **is** | past |  |  |  | swallows's airy castle |  | of the Prince | tree rules |
| 18 | **come** | past · perfect | Narcissus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 19 | **see** | to-infinitive | Narcissus *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 20 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | could | Philomel | Narcissus |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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