---
title: Grumedan leaning back in his arm-chair, with one knee crossed over t… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Grumedan leaning back in his arm-chair, with one knee crossed over the other and his nose in the air, looked on disdainfully. Who acts: Grumedan. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla, sentence 94

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Grumedan leaning back in his arm-chair, with one knee crossed over the other and his nose in the air, looked on disdainfully.

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**Who acts:** Grumedan · **What happens:** lean back, cross, look · **To what, where:** arm chair, one knee, other

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Prince Narcissus and the Princess Potentilla. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Grumedan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:11:94
# text = Grumedan leaning back in his arm-chair, with one knee crossed over the other and his nose in the air, looked on disdainfully.
1	Grumedan	Grumedan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leaning	lean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	back	back	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
6	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	chair	chair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	knee	knee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
13	crossed	cross	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	looked	look	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	disdainfully	disdainfully	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lean back** | gerund | Grumedan |  |  | Grumedan's arm chair |  | with one knee | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in chair=Location |
| 2 | **cross** | participle |  | one knee *not said here* |  | the other |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme over other=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **look** | participle | Grumedan *not said here* |  |  |  |  | disdainfully *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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