---
title: When he reached the spot he found that certain foreigners of strange… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When he reached the spot he found that certain foreigners of strange and outlandish appearance were about to make a proclamation to the assembled citizens, and he hastily pushed his way into the crowd until he was near enough to hear the words of the venerable old man who was their spokesman: Who ac
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, Heart of Ice, part 1, sentence 39

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he reached the spot he found that certain foreigners of strange and outlandish appearance were about to make a proclamation to the assembled citizens, and he hastily pushed his way into the crowd until he was near enough to hear the words of the venerable old man who was their spokesman:

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Prince, certain foreigners, venerable old man · **What happens:** reach, find, be, make, assemble, push · **To what, where:** spot, proclamation, way, crowd, spokesman, venerable old man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Heart of Ice, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, certain foreigners, venerable old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:14:39
# text = When he reached the spot he found that certain foreigners of strange and outlandish appearance were about to make a proclamation to the assembled citizens, and he hastily pushed his way into the crowd until he was near enough to hear the words of the venerable old man who was their spokesman:
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
9	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	foreigners	foreigner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	strange	strange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	outlandish	outlandish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
15	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	about	about	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	proclamation	proclamation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	amod	_	_
25	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	hastily	hastily	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
30	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
33	into	into	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
36	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
37	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
38	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
39	near	near	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
41	to	to	PART	TO	_	42	mark	_	_
42	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	advcl	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	obj	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
47	venerable	venerable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
48	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	_
50	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	53	nsubj	_	_
51	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	53	cop	_	_
52	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	spokesman	spokesman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | Prince | the spot |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent spot=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | past | Prince |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | certain foreigners of strange appearance |  |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | certain foreigners of strange appearance *not said here* | a proclamation |  |  |  | to the assembled citizens | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset proclamation=Product |
| 5 | **assemble** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **push** | past | Prince | Prince's way |  | the crowd |  | hastily *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent way=Theme into crowd=Destination |
| 7 | **is** | past | Prince |  |  |  |  | enough, hear *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **is a** | past | the venerable old man | foreigners's spokesman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **word** |  |  | the venerable old man |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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