---
title: Thereupon the little monkey said, laughing at his astonishment: — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Thereupon the little monkey said, laughing at his astonishment: Who acts: little monkey, monkey. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Heart of Ice, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7277/15/43/)

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# The Green Fairy Book, Heart of Ice, part 2, sentence 43

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Thereupon the little monkey said, laughing at his astonishment:

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**Who acts:** little monkey, monkey · **What happens:** say, laugh, astonish · **To what, where:** astonishment · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Heart of Ice, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little monkey, monkey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:15:43
# text = Thereupon the little monkey said, laughing at his astonishment:
1	Thereupon	thereupon	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	advcl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	astonishment	astonishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the little monkey |  |  |  |  | thereupon *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **laugh** | gerund | the little monkey *not said here* |  |  | monkey's astonishment |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **astonish** |  | monkey |  |  |  |  |  | nom astonishment «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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