---
title: Their way lay inland, and Mannikin noticed with great surprise that… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Their way lay inland, and Mannikin noticed with great surprise that the fields were well cultivated and that the carts and ploughs were drawn by horses or oxen, just as they might have been in any other country, and when they passed any village the cottages were trim and pretty, and an air of prospe
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, Heart of Ice, part 2, sentence 6

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their way lay inland, and Mannikin noticed with great surprise that the fields were well cultivated and that the carts and ploughs were drawn by horses or oxen, just as they might have been in any other country, and when they passed any village the cottages were trim and pretty, and an air of prosperity was everywhere.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, Mannikin, horses, forms, cottages, air · **What happens:** lay, notice, cultivate, draw, be, pass · **To what, where:** fields, carts, other country, village · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Heart of Ice, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (way, Mannikin, horses, forms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:15:6
# text = Their way lay inland, and Mannikin noticed with great surprise that the fields were well cultivated and that the carts and ploughs were drawn by horses or oxen, just as they might have been in any other country, and when they passed any village the cottages were trim and pretty, and an air of prosperity was everywhere.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	inland	inland	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	Mannikin	Mannikin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	surprise	surprise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
16	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
17	cultivated	cultivate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	carts	cart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	ploughs	plough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
25	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	conj	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
28	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
31	just	just	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
32	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
34	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
35	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	40	aux	_	_
36	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	40	cop	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	40	det	_	_
39	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
43	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	45	advmod	_	_
44	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
46	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	47	det	_	_
47	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	cottages	cottage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	51	nsubj	_	_
50	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	cop	_	_
51	trim	trim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	acl:relcl	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	pretty	pretty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
56	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nsubj	_	_
58	of	of	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	prosperity	prosperity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	nmod	_	_
60	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	61	cop	_	_
61	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	45	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | forms's way |  |  |  |  | inland *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **notice** | past | Mannikin |  |  |  |  | with great surprise | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **cultivate** | past · passive |  | the fields |  |  |  | well *property* | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product |
| 4 | **draw** | past · passive | horses or oxen | the carts and ploughs |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | might · perfect | forms *= form* |  |  | any other country |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **pass** | past | forms *= form* | any village |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme village=Trajectory |
| 7 | **is** | past | the cottages | any village *not said here* |  |  |  | trim *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **be** |  | the cottages *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **is** | past | a air of prosperity |  |  |  |  | everywhere *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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