---
title: ‘What are you crying for, my friend?’ asked the hare. — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘What are you crying for, my friend?’ asked the hare. Who acts: you, hare. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Golden Blackbird, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, The Golden Blackbird, sentence 45

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‘What are you crying for, my friend?’ asked the hare.

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**Who acts:** you, hare · **What happens:** cry, ask · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Golden Blackbird. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, hare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg7277:1564`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:21:45
# text = ‘What are you crying for, my friend?’ asked the hare.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	_
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obl	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	ccomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	vocative	_	_
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
11	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
12	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | present · progressive | you |  |  |  |  | my friend *vocative* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for what=Recipient |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the hare |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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