---
title: ‘The Princess has laughed at last,’ they all cried with joy. — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘The Princess has laughed at last,’ they all cried with joy. Who acts: servants. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Magic Swan, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, The Magic Swan, sentence 55

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‘The Princess has laughed at last,’ they all cried with joy.

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**Who acts:** servants · **What happens:** laugh, cry · **To what, where:** Princess, last

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Magic Swan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:23:55
# text = ‘The Princess has laughed at last,’ they all cried with joy.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Princess	Princess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’	'	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | present · perfect · passive |  | the Princess |  | last |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | servants *= servant* |  |  |  |  | with joy | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with joy=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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