---
title: All the courtiers standing round were much amazed at the King’s grie… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: All the courtiers standing round were much amazed at the King’s grief, but no one dared to ask him the cause of it. Who acts: courtiers, one. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Biter Bit, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, The Biter Bit, part 2, sentence 30

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All the courtiers standing round were much amazed at the King’s grief, but no one dared to ask him the cause of it.

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**Who acts:** courtiers, one · **What happens:** stand, amaze, dare, ask, cause · **To what, where:** courtiers, grief, cause, KING

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Biter Bit, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (courtiers, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:27:30
# text = All the courtiers standing round were much amazed at the King’s grief, but no one dared to ask him the cause of it.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	courtiers	courtier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	round	round	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	much	much	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	amazed	amaze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	’s	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	dared	dare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | gerund | all courtiers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | round *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **amaze** | past · passive |  | all courtiers |  | the King's grief |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 3 | **dare** | past | no one |  |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | no one *not said here* | the cause of cause | KING |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **cause** |  |  | cause |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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