---
title: The invited guests were already thronging round the table, when the… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The invited guests were already thronging round the table, when the head cook entered the room, bearing a beautiful wedding cake on a silver dish, and laid it before Prince Milan. Who acts: invited guests, head cook. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Biter Bit, part 3, with it
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, The Biter Bit, part 3, sentence 101

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The invited guests were already thronging round the table, when the head cook entered the room, bearing a beautiful wedding cake on a silver dish, and laid it before Prince Milan.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** invited guests, head cook · **What happens:** invite, throng, enter, bear, lay · **To what, where:** room, beautiful wedding cake, silver dish, cake

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Biter Bit, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (invited guests, head cook), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:28:101
# text = The invited guests were already thronging round the table, when the head cook entered the room, bearing a beautiful wedding cake on a silver dish, and laid it before Prince Milan.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	invited	invite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	already	already	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	thronging	throng	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	round	round	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	bearing	bear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	before	before	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	Milan	Milan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invite** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn promote-102 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **throng** | past · progressive | the invited guests |  |  |  |  | round the table | vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 3 | **enter** | past | the head cook | the room |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme room=Destination |
| 4 | **bear** | gerund | the head cook *not said here* | a beautiful wedding cake |  | a silver dish |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Patient |
| 5 | **lay** | past | the head cook *not said here* | cake |  |  | before Prince Milan |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme before milan=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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