---
title: ‘My little bird with throat so red Sings sorrow, sorrow, sorrow; He… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘My little bird with throat so red Sings sorrow, sorrow, sorrow; He sings to the little dove that’s dead, Sings sorrow, sor--jug, jug, jug.’ Who acts: red Sings, Joringel, Sings. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jorinde and Joringel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, Jorinde and Joringel, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘My little bird with throat so red Sings sorrow, sorrow, sorrow; He sings to the little dove that’s dead, Sings sorrow, sor--jug, jug, jug.’

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**Who acts:** red Sings, Joringel, Sings · **What happens:** sorrow, sing · **To what, where:** little bird, little dove, sor

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Jorinde and Joringel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (red Sings, Joringel, Sings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:41:16
# text = ‘My little bird with throat so red Sings sorrow, sorrow, sorrow; He sings to the little dove that’s dead, Sings sorrow, sor--jug, jug, jug.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	Sings	sing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	sorrow	sorrow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sings	sing	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	dove	dove	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	’s	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
24	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	Sings	sing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	sorrow	sorrow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	sor	sor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	jug	jug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	jug	jug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	jug	jug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sorrow** | present | red Sings | My little bird with throat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | Joringel |  | the little dove |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to dove=Recipient |
| 3 | **sorrow** | present | Sings | sor and jug and jug and jug |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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