---
title: ‘Ah, Princess!’ he said, ‘how could you betray me to our cruel enemi… — The Green Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Ah, Princess!’ he said, ‘how could you betray me to our cruel enemies when I loved you so dearly?’ Who acts: Charming, you, I. A sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Bird, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Green Fairy Book, The Blue Bird, part 4, sentence 55

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‘Ah, Princess!’ he said, ‘how could you betray me to our cruel enemies when I loved you so dearly?’

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**Who acts:** Charming, you, I · **What happens:** say, betray, love · **To what, where:** me, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Blue Bird, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charming, you, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7277:5:55
# text = ‘Ah, Princess!’ he said, ‘how could you betray me to our cruel enemies when I loved you so dearly?’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	betray	betray	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
23	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	dearly	dearly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Charming |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **betray** | could | you | me |  |  |  | to our cruel enemies | tree rules |
| 3 | **love** | past | I | you |  |  |  | dearly *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Green Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 7277 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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