---
title: Schoolcraft’s Journal states his belief that Menabozho and Hiawatha… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Schoolcraft’s Journal states his belief that Menabozho and Hiawatha were one and the same person, the latter name being preferred as more musical. Who acts: Journal, Menabozho, Schoolcraft. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Opening, with its depend
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Opening, sentence 9

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Schoolcraft’s Journal states his belief that Menabozho and Hiawatha were one and the same person, the latter name being preferred as more musical.

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**Who acts:** Journal, Menabozho, Schoolcraft · **What happens:** state, be, prefer, believe · **To what, where:** belief, one, latter name

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Journal, Menabozho, Schoolcraft), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:1:9
# text = Schoolcraft’s Journal states his belief that Menabozho and Hiawatha were one and the same person, the latter name being preferred as more musical.
1	Schoolcraft	Schoolcraft	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	’s	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	Journal	Journal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	states	state	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	Menabozho	Menabozho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Hiawatha	Hiawatha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
21	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	preferred	prefer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
23	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	25	amod	_	_
25	musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | present | Schoolcraft's Journal | Schoolcraft's belief |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent belief=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Menabozho and Hiawatha | one and the same person |  |  |  | the same person *conj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **prefer** | gerund · passive |  | the latter name *not said here* |  |  |  | musical *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ» |
| 4 | **believe** |  | Schoolcraft |  |  |  |  |  | nom belief «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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