---
title: They must not deceive each other. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They must not deceive each other. Who acts: Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 18

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They must not deceive each other.

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**Who acts:** Indians · **What happens:** not deceive · **To what, where:** each

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:10:18
# text = They must not deceive each other.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	deceive	deceive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	4	obj	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **deceive** | must | Indians *= indian* | each |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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