---
title: Ietan told them he was ready and willing to suffer the penalty, but… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Ietan told them he was ready and willing to suffer the penalty, but when they were older they would know that his words were not false. Who acts: Ietan, Mandans, words. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 25

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Ietan told them he was ready and willing to suffer the penalty, but when they were older they would know that his words were not false.

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**Who acts:** Ietan, Mandans, words · **What happens:** tell, be, suffer, know, not be, word · **To what, where:** Mandans, penalty · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ietan, Mandans, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:10:25
# text = Ietan told them he was ready and willing to suffer the penalty, but when they were older they would know that his words were not false.
1	Ietan	Ietan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	willing	willing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
15	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	advcl	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
25	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
26	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Ietan |  | Mandans *= mandan* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | past | Ietan |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Ietan *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **suffer** | to-infinitive | Ietan *not said here* | the penalty |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer penalty=Stimulus |
| 5 | **is** | past | Mandans *= mandan* |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **know** | would | Mandans *= mandan* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 7 | **not** **is** | past | Ietan's words |  |  |  |  | false *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **word** |  | Ietan |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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