---
title: Now the wild buffalo is gone from the plains forever; the red deer,… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the wild buffalo is gone from the plains forever; the red deer, elk, moose, and bear hide away in the northern forests; the Indian’s hope for a long future for his nation is lost. Who acts: wild buffalo, red deer. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Ju
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/54/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [Indian Traits](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/) / 54

# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Traits, sentence 54

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the wild buffalo is gone from the plains forever; the red deer, elk, moose, and bear hide away in the northern forests; the Indian’s hope for a long future for his nation is lost.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wild buffalo, red deer · **What happens:** be, hide away, lose · **To what, where:** plains, northern forests, hope

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Traits. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild buffalo, red deer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:10:54
# text = Now the wild buffalo is gone from the plains forever; the red deer, elk, moose, and bear hide away in the northern forests; the Indian’s hope for a long future for his nation is lost.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	plains	plain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	forever	forever	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	moose	moose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	hide	hide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
23	away	away	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	’s	's	PART	POS	_	30	case	_	_
32	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	for	for	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	future	future	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
37	for	for	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
40	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux:pass	_	_
41	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the wild buffalo |  |  | the plains | now | forever, go *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hide away** | present | the red deer and elk and moose |  |  | the northern forests |  | bear *nsubj*; away *property* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in forest=Location |
| 3 | **lose** | present · passive |  | the Indian's hope for a long future for bear's nation |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 53](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/53/)
- next →: [sentence 55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/55/)
- ↑ back to [Indian Traits](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/10/)