---
title: Many tribes believe that the soul leaves the body when the evil spir… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Many tribes believe that the soul leaves the body when the evil spirit of sickness enters. Who acts: Many tribes, soul, evil spirit. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Medicine Men Among the Indians, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Medicine Men Among the Indians, sentence 11

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Many tribes believe that the soul leaves the body when the evil spirit of sickness enters.

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**Who acts:** Many tribes, soul, evil spirit · **What happens:** believe, leave, enter · **To what, where:** body · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Medicine Men Among the Indians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many tribes, soul, evil spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:12:11
# text = Many tribes believe that the soul leaves the body when the evil spirit of sickness enters.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	sickness	sickness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	enters	enter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Many tribes |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **leave** | present | the soul | the body |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme |
| 3 | **enter** | present | the evil spirit of sickness |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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