---
title: The Indian pony is thought to be descended from the horses brought t… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The Indian pony is thought to be descended from the horses brought to America by the Spanish explorers. Who acts: horses. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/33/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [The Indian At Home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/) / 33

# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indian At Home, sentence 33

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Indian pony is thought to be descended from the horses brought to America by the Spanish explorers.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** horses · **What happens:** think, descend, bring · **To what, where:** Indian pony, America

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indian At Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:13:33
# text = The Indian pony is thought to be descended from the horses brought to America by the Spanish explorers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pony	pony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	thought	think	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	descended	descend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	xcomp	_	_
9	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	explorers	explorer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | the Indian pony |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 2 | **descend** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **bring** | past | the horses |  | America |  |  | by the Spanish explorers | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to america=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/32/)
- next →: [sentence 34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/34/)
- ↑ back to [The Indian At Home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/13/)