---
title: An untrained white hunter would not have seen one sign of the lost I… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: An untrained white hunter would not have seen one sign of the lost Indian. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names, sentence 9

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An untrained white hunter would not have seen one sign of the lost Indian.

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**What happens:** not see, lose · **To what, where:** untrained white hunter

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Meaning of Indian Totems and Names. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:14:9
# text = An untrained white hunter would not have seen one sign of the lost Indian.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	untrained	untrained	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hunter	hunter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
8	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | would · perfect · passive |  | a untrained white hunter |  |  |  | one sign of the lost Indian *obj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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