---
title: They live almost wholly upon roots of weeds or the few insects and s… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They live almost wholly upon roots of weeds or the few insects and small animals found in the plains of eastern Utah and the surrounding country. Who acts: Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Customs of Kickapoo, Seminole, and Other Tribes, 
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Customs of Kickapoo, Seminole, and Other Tribes, sentence 18

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They live almost wholly upon roots of weeds or the few insects and small animals found in the plains of eastern Utah and the surrounding country.

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**Who acts:** Indians · **What happens:** live, find · **To what, where:** roots, small animals, plains

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Customs of Kickapoo, Seminole, and Other Tribes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:16:18
# text = They live almost wholly upon roots of weeds or the few insects and small animals found in the plains of eastern Utah and the surrounding country.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	weeds	weed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
16	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	plains	plain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	Utah	Utah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	surrounding	surrounding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Indians *= indian* |  |  | roots of weeds or the few insects and small animals |  | wholly *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon root=Location |
| 2 | **find** | participle |  | small animals *not said here* |  | the plains of eastern Utah and the surrounding country |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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