---
title: These are used for flour or meal holders, or for holding water, and… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: These are used for flour or meal holders, or for holding water, and are called ollas. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 39

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These are used for flour or meal holders, or for holding water, and are called ollas.

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**What happens:** use, hold, call · **To what, where:** These, water, ollas · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:17:39
# text = These are used for flour or meal holders, or for holding water, and are called ollas.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	flour	flour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	holders	holder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
18	ollas	olla	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | These |  |  |  | for flour or meal holders | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for flour=Eventuality |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund |  | water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | present · passive |  | ollas |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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