---
title: They grind their maize or other grain by hand between stones. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They grind their maize or other grain by hand between stones. Who acts: Pueblos. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses, sentence 40

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They grind their maize or other grain by hand between stones.

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**Who acts:** Pueblos · **What happens:** grind · **To what, where:** maize

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, The Indians Who Live in Brick Houses. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pueblos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:17:40
# text = They grind their maize or other grain by hand between stones.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grind	grind	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	maize	maize	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	between	between	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grind** | present | Pueblos *= pueblo* | Pueblos's maize or other grain |  |  |  | by hand between stones | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent maize=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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