---
title: These black and red stones are put into a large shallow dish of clay… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: These black and red stones are put into a large shallow dish of clay or metal. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Games, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Indian Games, sentence 22

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These black and red stones are put into a large shallow dish of clay or metal.

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**What happens:** put · **To what, where:** black stones, large shallow dish

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Indian Games. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:20:22
# text = These black and red stones are put into a large shallow dish of clay or metal.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
2	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present · passive |  | this black stones |  | a large shallow dish of clay or metal |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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