---
title: During the conflict a trader attempted to bargain with the Sioux for… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: During the conflict a trader attempted to bargain with the Sioux for furs, after having had dealings with a band of Chippewas. Who acts: trader. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, sentence 15

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During the conflict a trader attempted to bargain with the Sioux for furs, after having had dealings with a band of Chippewas.

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**Who acts:** trader · **What happens:** attempt, bargain, have · **To what, where:** dealings

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trader), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:21:15
# text = During the conflict a trader attempted to bargain with the Sioux for furs, after having had dealings with a band of Chippewas.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	conflict	conflict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trader	trader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	attempted	attempt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	bargain	bargain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Sioux	Sioux	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	furs	fur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	dealings	dealing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Chippewas	chippewa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attempt** | participle | a trader |  |  |  | during the conflict |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **bargain** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a trader *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the Sioux; for furs | vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with sioux=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **have** | gerund | a trader *not said here* | dealings |  |  |  | with a band of Chippewas | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dealing=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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