---
title: The wigwams are covered with woven mats made of reeds or grass and b… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The wigwams are covered with woven mats made of reeds or grass and birch bark. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota, sentence 20

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The wigwams are covered with woven mats made of reeds or grass and birch bark.

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**What happens:** cover, weave, make · **To what, where:** wigwams, woven mats

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Sioux and Chippewas of Minnesota. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:21:20
# text = The wigwams are covered with woven mats made of reeds or grass and birch bark.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wigwams	wigwam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	woven	weave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	mats	mat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	reeds	reed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	birch	birch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present · passive |  | the wigwams |  |  |  | with woven mats | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with mat=Theme |
| 2 | **weave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | woven mats *not said here* |  |  |  | of reeds or grass and birch bark | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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