---
title: The wife of the Butterfly put two burning lines of white lightning b… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The wife of the Butterfly put two burning lines of white lightning before his feet. Who acts: wife. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, A Navajo Medicine Chant, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, A Navajo Medicine Chant, sentence 23

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The wife of the Butterfly put two burning lines of white lightning before his feet.

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**Who acts:** wife · **What happens:** put, burn · **To what, where:** two burning lines, feet

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, A Navajo Medicine Chant. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:23:23
# text = The wife of the Butterfly put two burning lines of white lightning before his feet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	before	before	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | the wife of the Butterfly | two burning lines of white lightning |  | Butterfly's feet |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent line=Theme before foot=Destination |
| 2 | **burn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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