---
title: It was like twilight in this cave, but at first all thought that the… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: It was like twilight in this cave, but at first all thought that they had reached the blazing sun, it was so light. Who acts: other two, caves. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth, with its dependency t
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth, sentence 26

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was like twilight in this cave, but at first all thought that they had reached the blazing sun, it was so light.

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**Who acts:** other two, caves · **What happens:** be, think, reach, blaze · **To what, where:** cave, blazing sun, light · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other two, caves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:24:26
# text = It was like twilight in this cave, but at first all thought that they had reached the blazing sun, it was so light.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	twilight	twilight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	obl	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	advmod	_	_
13	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	reached	reach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	blazing	blaze	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	amod	_	_
20	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	so	so	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | other two *= two* |  |  | this cave |  | twilight *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **reach** | past · perfect | caves *= cave* | the blazing sun |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent sun=Theme |
| 4 | **blaze** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is a** | past | other two *= two* | light |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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