---
title: They put arrows of lightning to the north, south, east, and west, an… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They put arrows of lightning to the north, south, east, and west, and the arrows crossed each other. Who acts: children, arrows. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth, sentence 38

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They put arrows of lightning to the north, south, east, and west, and the arrows crossed each other.

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**Who acts:** children, arrows · **What happens:** put, cross · **To what, where:** arrows, each

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, How the Cave People Found Dry Land on the Earth. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, arrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:24:38
# text = They put arrows of lightning to the north, south, east, and west, and the arrows crossed each other.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	east	east	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	west	west	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
21	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	20	obj	_	_
22	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | children *= child* | arrows of lightning |  |  |  | to the north and south; east, west *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent arrow=Goal |
| 2 | **cross** | past | the arrows | each |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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