---
title: Iagoo tore off the left wing of one, and he made a sail for his birc… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Iagoo tore off the left wing of one, and he made a sail for his birch-bark canoe from that wing. Who acts: Iagoo. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller, sentence 44

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Iagoo tore off the left wing of one, and he made a sail for his birch-bark canoe from that wing.

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**Who acts:** Iagoo · **What happens:** tore off, make · **To what, where:** left wing, sail, wing

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, I. Iagoo, the Great Story-teller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iagoo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:26:44
# text = Iagoo tore off the left wing of one, and he made a sail for his birch-bark canoe from that wing.
1	Iagoo	Iagoo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tore	tore	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sail	sail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
17	birch	birch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	det	_	_
23	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tore off** | past | Iagoo | the left wing of one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past | Iagoo | a sail |  | that wing |  | for Iagoo's bark canoe | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.material PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent sail=Product from wing=Material for canoe=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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