---
title: The band of Indians left their camp before the sun was over their he… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The band of Indians left their camp before the sun was over their heads. Who acts: band, sun. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. How Clay Dishes Were First Made, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, II. How Clay Dishes Were First Made, sentence 8

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The band of Indians left their camp before the sun was over their heads.

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**Who acts:** band, sun · **What happens:** leave, be · **To what, where:** camp

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, II. How Clay Dishes Were First Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (band, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:27:8
# text = The band of Indians left their camp before the sun was over their heads.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	before	before	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	over	over	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | the band of Indians | children's camp |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camp=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the sun |  |  |  | before children's heads | children *= child* *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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