---
title: When they gathered in the Pipestone Valley the chiefs stood by this… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: When they gathered in the Pipestone Valley the chiefs stood by this rock. Who acts: hands, chiefs. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, III. Leaping Rock in the Pipestone Valley, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, III. Leaping Rock in the Pipestone Valley, sentence 6

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When they gathered in the Pipestone Valley the chiefs stood by this rock.

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**Who acts:** hands, chiefs · **What happens:** gather, stand · **To what, where:** Pipestone Valley

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, III. Leaping Rock in the Pipestone Valley. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hands, chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:28:6
# text = When they gathered in the Pipestone Valley the chiefs stood by this rock.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Pipestone	Pipestone	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Valley	Valley	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | hands *= hand* |  |  | the Pipestone Valley |  |  | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | past | the chiefs |  |  |  |  | by this rock | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by rock=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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