---
title: The Indians lift their pipes and let the smoke blow toward the Great… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The Indians lift their pipes and let the smoke blow toward the Great Stone Face. Who acts: Indians. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. the Face of the Great Manitou in the Rock, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, IV. the Face of the Great Manitou in the Rock, sentence 29

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The Indians lift their pipes and let the smoke blow toward the Great Stone Face.

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**Who acts:** Indians · **What happens:** lift, let · **To what, where:** pipes, smoke blow

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, IV. the Face of the Great Manitou in the Rock. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:29:29
# text = The Indians lift their pipes and let the smoke blow toward the Great Stone Face.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lift	lift	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	Stone	Stone	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present | the Indians | Indians's pipes |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pipe=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | the Indians *not said here* | the smoke blow |  |  |  | toward the Great Stone Face | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blow=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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