---
title: The warriors saw the canoe which held the two captive squaws stand s… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The warriors saw the canoe which held the two captive squaws stand still. Who acts: warriors, canoe, two captive squaws. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band, sentence 16

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The warriors saw the canoe which held the two captive squaws stand still.

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**Who acts:** warriors, canoe, two captive squaws · **What happens:** see, hold, stand · **To what, where:** canoe

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (warriors, canoe, two captive squaws), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:30:16
# text = The warriors saw the canoe which held the two captive squaws stand still.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	squaws	squaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	stand	stand	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
13	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | the warriors | the canoe |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer canoe=Stimulus |
| 2 | **hold** | past | the canoe |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **stand** | present | the two captive squaws |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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