---
title: It was caught for one minute by a rock, then it leaped forward like… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: It was caught for one minute by a rock, then it leaped forward like a great fish and was out of sight. Who acts: rock, whoop. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band, sentence 17

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It was caught for one minute by a rock, then it leaped forward like a great fish and was out of sight.

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**Who acts:** rock, whoop · **What happens:** catch, leap, be · **To what, where:** whoop, sight

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock, whoop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:30:17
# text = It was caught for one minute by a rock, then it leaped forward like a great fish and was out of sight.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | past · passive | a rock | whoop |  |  | minute |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **leap** | past | whoop |  |  |  | then | like a great fish; forward *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | whoop *not said here* |  |  | sight |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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