---
title: There is a story of two captive squaws who were promised life and fr… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: There is a story of two captive squaws who were promised life and freedom if they would lead their captors to the place where the squaws’ own people were hidden. Who acts: story, life. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band, sentence 3

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There is a story of two captive squaws who were promised life and freedom if they would lead their captors to the place where the squaws’ own people were hidden.

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**Who acts:** story, life · **What happens:** be, promise, lead, hide · **To what, where:** two captive squaws, captors, place, own people

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, V. How Two Squaws Saved Their Band. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:30:3
# text = There is a story of two captive squaws who were promised life and freedom if they would lead their captors to the place where the squaws’ own people were hidden.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	captive	captive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	squaws	squaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	captors	captor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	31	advmod	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	squaws	squaw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
30	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	hidden	hide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a story of two captive squaws |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past · passive |  | two captive squaws |  |  |  | life and freedom *obj* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal life=Theme |
| 3 | **lead** *a condition, not said to happen* | would | life | life's captors |  | the place |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent captor=Theme to place=Destination |
| 4 | **hide** | past · passive |  | the squaws's own people |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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