---
title: The two cranes stood on a little hill near the rapids and folded the… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The two cranes stood on a little hill near the rapids and folded their wings closely to their sides. Who acts: two cranes. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians, with its dependency t
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians, sentence 18

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The two cranes stood on a little hill near the rapids and folded their wings closely to their sides.

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**Who acts:** two cranes · **What happens:** stand, fold · **To what, where:** little hill, wings

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two cranes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:31:18
# text = The two cranes stood on a little hill near the rapids and folded their wings closely to their sides.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	cranes	crane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	near	near	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rapids	rapid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	folded	fold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the two cranes |  |  | a little hill |  | near the rapids | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hill=Location |
| 2 | **fold** | past | the two cranes *not said here* | cranes's wings |  |  |  | to cranes's sides *result*; closely *property* | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent wing=Patient to side=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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