---
title: They feared that the food would not last, and the two cranes flew to… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They feared that the food would not last, and the two cranes flew to a great forest. Who acts: cranes, food, two cranes. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians, with its dependency tre
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians, sentence 8

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They feared that the food would not last, and the two cranes flew to a great forest.

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**Who acts:** cranes, food, two cranes · **What happens:** fear, not last, fly · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VI. the Origin of the Crane Tribe of the Ojibway or Chippewa Indians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cranes, food, two cranes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:31:8
# text = They feared that the food would not last, and the two cranes flew to a great forest.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feared	fear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	last	last	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	cranes	crane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fear** | past | cranes *= crane* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **last** | would | the food |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fly** | past | the two cranes |  |  |  |  | to a great forest *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to forest=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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