---
title: They hid by the river until Kwasind came in his great canoe asleep;… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: They hid by the river until Kwasind came in his great canoe asleep; the nibanabas had sung him to sleep. Who acts: people, Kwasind. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VIII. Giants and Fairies, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, VIII. Giants and Fairies, sentence 14

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They hid by the river until Kwasind came in his great canoe asleep; the nibanabas had sung him to sleep.

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**Who acts:** people, Kwasind · **What happens:** hide, come, sing, sleep · **To what, where:** great canoe, nibanabas

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, VIII. Giants and Fairies. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Kwasind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:33:14
# text = They hid by the river until Kwasind came in his great canoe asleep; the nibanabas had sung him to sleep.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	Kwasind	Kwasind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	canoe	canoe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	nibanabas	nibanaba	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	sung	sing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | people |  |  |  |  | by the river | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by river=Location |
| 2 | **come** | past | Kwasind |  |  | Marie's great canoe |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in canoe=Location |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | past · perfect · passive |  | the nibanabas |  |  |  | Marie *obj* | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary he=Theme |
| 4 | **sleep** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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