---
title: We shall starve, and the deerskins will never be used.” — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: We shall starve, and the deerskins will never be used.” Who acts: We. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. the Little People of the Senecas, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, X. the Little People of the Senecas, sentence 9

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We shall starve, and the deerskins will never be used.”

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**Who acts:** We · **What happens:** starve, not use · **To what, where:** deerskins

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, X. the Little People of the Senecas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:35:9
# text = We shall starve, and the deerskins will never be used.”
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	starve	starve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	deerskins	deerskin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **starve** | shall | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **use** | future · passive |  | the deerskins |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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