---
title: An old wolf was watching them all. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: An old wolf was watching them all. Who acts: old wolf. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. the Blue Heron and the Wolf, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/38/15/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Wigwam stories told by North American…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/) / [XIII. the Blue Heron and the Wolf](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/38/) / 15

# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIII. the Blue Heron and the Wolf, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old wolf was watching them all.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** old wolf · **What happens:** watch · **To what, where:** weasels

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIII. the Blue Heron and the Wolf. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:38:15
# text = An old wolf was watching them all.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	watching	watch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past · progressive | a old wolf | weasels *= weasel* |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/38/14/)
- next →: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/38/16/)
- ↑ back to [XIII. the Blue Heron and the Wolf](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg73136/38/)