---
title: The mother sent her young porcupines to call these animals to the co… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The mother sent her young porcupines to call these animals to the council. Who acts: mother. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, sentence 12

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The mother sent her young porcupines to call these animals to the council.

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**Who acts:** mother · **What happens:** send, call · **To what, where:** young porcupines, animals, council · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:40:12
# text = The mother sent her young porcupines to call these animals to the council.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	porcupines	porcupine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
9	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the mother | mother's young porcupines |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent porcupine=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | to-infinitive | the mother *not said here* | this animals | the council |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent animal=Topic to council=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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