---
title: The mother porcupine stood in the council and said: “I have found th… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The mother porcupine stood in the council and said: “I have found this creature in the house I have made for my little ones. Who acts: mother porcupine. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, with its dependency tree 
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, sentence 14

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The mother porcupine stood in the council and said: “I have found this creature in the house I have made for my little ones.

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**Who acts:** mother porcupine · **What happens:** stand, say, find, make · **To what, where:** council, creature, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother porcupine), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:40:14
# text = The mother porcupine stood in the council and said: “I have found this creature in the house I have made for my little ones.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	porcupine	porcupine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	ccomp	_	_
15	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
16	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the mother porcupine |  |  | the council |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in council=Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the mother porcupine *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **find** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the mother porcupine *= porcupine* | this creature |  | the house |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent creature=Topic |
| 4 | **make** *in a quote* | present · perfect | the mother porcupine *= porcupine* | this creature *not said here* |  |  |  | for my little ones | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent creature=Product for one=Asset |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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