---
title: A boy went out to hunt and crawled into a great hole where porcupine… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy went out to hunt and crawled into a great hole where porcupines lived. Who acts: boy, porcupines. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy, sentence 2

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A boy went out to hunt and crawled into a great hole where porcupines lived.

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**Who acts:** boy, porcupines · **What happens:** go out, hunt, crawl, live · **To what, where:** great hole

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XV. the Good Bear and the Lost Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, porcupines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:40:2
# text = A boy went out to hunt and crawled into a great hole where porcupines lived.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	crawled	crawl	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	15	advmod	_	_
14	porcupines	porcupine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | a boy |  |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive | a boy *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **crawl** | past | a boy *not said here* |  |  | a great hole |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into hole=Destination |
| 4 | **live** | past | porcupines |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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