---
title: Hinun, the god of clouds and rain, lived under the great falls. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: Hinun, the god of clouds and rain, lived under the great falls. Who acts: Hinun. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls, sentence 18

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Hinun, the god of clouds and rain, lived under the great falls.

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**Who acts:** Hinun · **What happens:** live · **To what, where:** great falls

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVI. Legend of Niagara Falls. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hinun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:41:18
# text = Hinun, the god of clouds and rain, lived under the great falls.
1	Hinun	Hinun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
10	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	falls	fall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Hinun |  |  | the great falls |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under fall=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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