---
title: The old man stopped at each wigwam and asked for food and a place to… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The old man stopped at each wigwam and asked for food and a place to sleep during that night. Who acts: old man. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVII. How the Indians Came to Know Medicine Plants, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVII. How the Indians Came to Know Medicine Plants, sentence 8

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The old man stopped at each wigwam and asked for food and a place to sleep during that night.

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**Who acts:** old man · **What happens:** stop, ask, sleep · **To what, where:** wigwam

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVII. How the Indians Came to Know Medicine Plants. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:42:8
# text = The old man stopped at each wigwam and asked for food and a place to sleep during that night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
17	during	during	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the old man |  |  | each wigwam |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at wigwam=Location |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the old man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for food and a place | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | the old man *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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