---
title: A manitou lived alone in the land. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: A manitou lived alone in the land. Who acts: manitou. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVIII. Mondahmin, Who Gave the Corn, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XVIII. Mondahmin, Who Gave the Corn, sentence 2

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A manitou lived alone in the land.

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**Who acts:** manitou · **What happens:** live · **To what, where:** land

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XVIII. Mondahmin, Who Gave the Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (manitou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:43:2
# text = A manitou lived alone in the land.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	manitou	manitou	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | a manitou |  |  | the land |  | alone *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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