---
title: The Good Spirit whispered to his heart that she must not see nor spe… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: The Good Spirit whispered to his heart that she must not see nor speak to one of them until the fifth one came to her wigwam. Who acts: Good Spirit, sister, fifth one. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIX. the Marriage of Mondahmin, with its depen
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIX. the Marriage of Mondahmin, sentence 16

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The Good Spirit whispered to his heart that she must not see nor speak to one of them until the fifth one came to her wigwam.

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**Who acts:** Good Spirit, sister, fifth one · **What happens:** whisper, not see, speak, come · **To what, where:** heart, one, wigwam · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIX. the Marriage of Mondahmin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Good Spirit, sister, fifth one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:44:16
# text = The Good Spirit whispered to his heart that she must not see nor speak to one of them until the fifth one came to her wigwam.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Spirit	Spirit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	whispered	whisper	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
13	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	14	cc	_	_
14	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	_
19	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	fifth	fifth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	wigwam	wigwam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **whisper** *speech: assert* | past | the Good Spirit |  | other's heart |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to heart=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **see** | must | sister |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | infinitive | sister *not said here* |  | one of spirits |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to one=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **come** | past | the fifth one |  |  | sister's wigwam |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to wigwam=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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