---
title: All tribes had much food, for there were many deer, elk, and buffalo… — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: All tribes had much food, for there were many deer, elk, and buffalo, and the rivers were full of fish. Who acts: tribes, many deer, rivers. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIX. the Marriage of Mondahmin, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XIX. the Marriage of Mondahmin, sentence 6

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All tribes had much food, for there were many deer, elk, and buffalo, and the rivers were full of fish.

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**Who acts:** tribes, many deer, rivers · **What happens:** have, be · **To what, where:** much food

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XIX. the Marriage of Mondahmin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribes, many deer, rivers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:44:6
# text = All tribes had much food, for there were many deer, elk, and buffalo, and the rivers were full of fish.
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
9	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | all tribes | much food |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient |
| 2 | **be** | past | many deer and elk and buffalo |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | the rivers |  |  |  |  | of fish; full *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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