---
title: He and his brother chiefs smoked the pipe of peace. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: He and his brother chiefs smoked the pipe of peace. Who acts: Kimanchee. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXII. an Indian Temperance Speech, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXII. an Indian Temperance Speech, sentence 10

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He and his brother chiefs smoked the pipe of peace.

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**Who acts:** Kimanchee · **What happens:** smoke · **To what, where:** pipe

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXII. an Indian Temperance Speech. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kimanchee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:47:10
# text = He and his brother chiefs smoked the pipe of peace.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	smoked	smoke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smoke** | past | Kimanchee | the pipe of peace |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent pipe=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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