---
title: On the shores of Gitchee Gumee, the Big Sea Water, were many forests. — Wigwam stories told by North American Indians · tree and pragmatics
description: On the shores of Gitchee Gumee, the Big Sea Water, were many forests. A sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wigwam stories told by North American Indians, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree, sentence 2

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On the shores of Gitchee Gumee, the Big Sea Water, were many forests.

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**What happens:** be · **To what, where:** many forests, shores

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This is a sentence of «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, XXIII. the Girl Who Became a Pine Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg73136:48:2
# text = On the shores of Gitchee Gumee, the Big Sea Water, were many forests.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	shores	shore	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Gitchee	Gitchee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	Gumee	Gumee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	Big	Big	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Water	Water	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | many forests |  | the shores of Gitchee and the Sea Water |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Wigwam stories told by North American Indians» by Mary Catherine Judd, Project Gutenberg book 73136 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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